Background
Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals are increasingly seeking gender-affirming care. Monash Health is one of the hospital providers for gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) in Victoria. We present data from our clinic between January 2018-December 2020.
Results
173 new TGD clients were seen, mean age 27.5 years (range 17-59). The most prevalent baseline comorbidities were overweight/obesity (58% of those with recorded weight) depression/anxiety (44.5%), active or prior smoking history (33.5%), and autism spectrum disorder (8.7%).
120 (69.4%) individuals were referred for GAHT initiation. 54 (45%) commenced feminising and 44 (36.7%) commenced masculinising GAHT within six months of their initial clinic review; 22 (18.3%) did not commence GAHT, typically if individuals declined or baseline requirements (pathology, consent) were not completed.
Feminising GAHT formulations included combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) (n = 23), oral oestradiol (n = 17), and transdermal oestradiol (n = 13). Androgen blockers, prescribed to 30 clients, were cyproterone acetate (CPA) (n = 21), or spironolactone (n = 9). Masculinising GAHT formulations were intramuscular (n = 24), transdermal (n = 19), and oral (n = 1) testosterone.
Of the 53 (30.6%) individuals referred for GAHT optimisation, 30 (56.6%) were already using feminising and 23 (43.4%) using masculinising GAHT. Feminising hormones included oral oestradiol (n = 17), COCP (n = 6), transdermal oestradiol (n = 3), and oestradiol implant (n = 1). 20 were using androgen blockers, including spironolactone (n = 15) and CPA (n = 5). Masculinising hormones included intramuscular (n = 20), transdermal (n = 2), or oral (n = 1) testosterone.
Discussion
Hormone therapy is an important part of gender-affirming care for many TGD individuals, and tertiary clinics provide an important service in the initiation and optimisation thereof. Further research is needed to inform evidence-based and individualised prescribing, particularly in the context of common comorbidities.